The Cambridge Handbook of Surveillance Law

Surveillance presents a conundrum: how to ensure safety, stability, and efficiency while respecting privacy and individual liberty. From police officers to corporations to intelligence agencies, surveillance law is tasked with striking this difficult and delicate balance. That challenge is compounded by ever-changing technologies and evolving social norms. Following the revelations of Edward Snowden and a host of private-sector controversies, there is intense interest among policymakers, business leaders, attorneys, academics, students, and the public regarding legal, technological, and policy issues relating to surveillance. This Handbook documents and organizes these conversations, bringing together some of the most thoughtful and impactful contributors to contemporary surveillance debates, policies, and practices. Its pages explore surveillance techniques and technologies; their value for law enforcement, national security, and private enterprise; their impacts on citizens and communities; and the many ways societies do - and should - regulate surveillance.

Part I. Surveillance Techniques and Technologies: 1. NSA surveillance in the war on terror Rachel Levinson-Waldman; 2. Location tracking Stephanie K. Pell; 3. Terrorist watchlists Jeffrey Kahn; 4. 'Incidental' foreign intelligence surveillance and the fourth amendment Jennifer Daskal and Stephen I. Vladeck; 5. Biometric surveillance and big data governance Margaret Hu; 6. Fusion centers Thomas Nolan; 7. Big data surveillance: the convergence of big data and law enforcement Andrew Guthrie Ferguson; 8. The internet of things and self-surveillance systems Steven I. Friedland; Part II. Surveillance Applications: 9. Balancing privacy and public safety in the post-Snowden era Jason M. Weinstein and R. Taj Moore; 10. Obama's mixed legacy on cybersecurity, surveillance, and surveillance reform Timothy Edgar; 11. Local law enforcement video surveillance: rules, technology, and legal implications Marc J. Blitz; 12. The surveillance implications of efforts to combat cyber harassment Danielle Keats Citron and Liz Clark Rinehart; 13. The case for surveillance Lawrence Rosenthal; 14. 'Going dark': encryption, privacy, liberty, and security in the 'golden age of surveillance' Geoffrey S. Corn and Dru Brenner-Beck; 15. Business responses to surveillance Lothar Determann; Part II. Impact of Surveillance: 16. Seeing, seizing, and searching like a state: constitutional developments from the seventeenth century to the end of the nineteenth century Mark A. Graber; 17. An eerie feeling of deja vu: from Soviet snitches to angry birds Alex Kozinski and Mihailis E. Diamantis; 18. The impact of online surveillance on behavior Alex Marthews and Catherine Tucker; 19. Surveillance vs privacy: effects and implications Julie E. Cohen; 20. Intellectual and social freedom Margot E. Kaminski; 21. The surveillance regulation toolkit: thinking beyond probable cause Paul Ohm; 22. European human rights, criminal surveillance, and intelligence surveillance: towards 'good enough' oversight, preferably but not necessarily by judges Gianclaudio Malgieri and Paul De Hert; Part IV. Regulating Surveillance: 23. Lessons from the history of national security surveillance Elizabeth Goitein, Faiza Patel and Fritz Schwarz; 24. Regulating surveillance through litigation: some thoughts from the trenches Mark Rumold; 25. Legislative regulation of government surveillance Christopher Slobogin; 26. California's Electronic Communications Privacy Act (CalECPA): a case study in legislative regulation of surveillance Susan Freiwald; 27. Surveillance in the European Union Cristina Blasi Casagran; 28. Mutual legal assistance in the digital age Andrew Keane Woods; 29. The privacy and civil liberties oversight board David Medine and Esteban Morin; 30. FTC regulation of cybersecurity and surveillance Chris Jay Hoofnagle; 31. The federal communications commission as privacy regulator Travis LeBlanc and Lindsay DeFrancesco.