The Marketization of Employment Services: The Dilemmas of Europe's Work-first Welfare States

Across Europe, market mechanisms are spreading into areas where they did not exist before. In public administration, market governance is displacing other ways of coordinating public services. In social policy, the welfare state is retreating from its historic task of protecting citizens from the discipline of the market. In industrial relations, labor and management are negotiating with an eye to competitiveness, often against new non-union market players. What is marketization, and what are its effects? This book uses employment services in Denmark, Germany, and Great Britain as a window to explore the rise of market mechanisms. Based on more than 100 interviews with funders, managers, front-line workers, and others, the authors discuss the internal workings of these markets and the organizations that provide the services. This book gives readers new tools to analyse market competition and its effects. It provides a new conceptualization of the markets themselves, the dilemmas and tradeoffs that they generate, and the differing services and workplaces that result. It is aimed at students and researchers in the applied fields of social policy, public administration, and employment relations and has important implications for comparative political economy and welfare states.

1: Introduction 2: Employment Services: Three Marketization Stories 3: Marketization and Transaction Modes Appendix A. Contracting by Danish municipalities with Lisa Schulte: Appendix B. Contracting on Britain's Work Programme Appendix C. Vouchers and Contracting in Germany 4: Employment Services Sectors Under Uncertainty and Resource Scarcity 5: with Graham Symon and Johannes Kirsch: Employment Relations and Labor Process: Institutional Disorganization and Management Control 6: Governance Implications: Dilemmas and Tradeoffs 7: Conclusion