Gender and Judicial Education: Raising Gender Awareness of Judges

Judicial Education has greatly expanded in common law countries in the past 25 years. More recently it has become a core component in judicial reform programs in developing countries with gender attentiveness as an element required by donor agencies. In civil law jurisdictions judges' schools have long played a role in the formation of the career judiciary with a focus on entry to the judicial profession, in some countries judges get an intensive in-service education at judicial academies. Gender questions, however, tend to be neglected in the curricula.

These judicial education activities have generated a significant body of material and experience which it is timely to review and disseminate. Questions such as the following require answers. What is the current state of affairs? How is judicial education implemented in developed and developing countries all around the world? Who are the educators? Who is being educated? How is judicial education on gender regarded by judges? How effective are these programs?

The chapters in this book deal with these questions. They provide a multiplicity of perspectives. Six countries are represented, of these four are civil law countries (Germany, Argentina, Japan, Bosnia and Herzegovina) and two are common law countries (Canada; Uganda). This book was previously published as a special issue of International Journal of the Legal Profession .

Introduction: Gender and judicial education
T. Brettel Dawson, Ulrike Schultz & Gisela Shaw

1. Judicial education on social context and gender in Canada: principles, process and lessons learned
T. Brettel Dawson

2. Neglect of gender questions at the vocational stage of judicial education in Uganda
Maureen Owor & Harriet D. Musoke

3. Introducing gender training in judicial education in Japan to support the judiciary
Kayo Minamino

4. Japanese judicial education: working toward gender equality in the judiciary
Chihara Watanabe

5. Gender stereotypes and attitudes within the judiciary of Bosnia and Herzegovina: a case for increased awareness and education
Heather Huhtanen & Majda Halilovic

6. Gender training for the judiciary in Argentina
Beatriz Kohen

7. Raising gender awareness of judges - elements for judicial education in Germany
Ulrike Schultz

8. Judicial education on `gender awareness' in Australia
John Basten

9. Without fear or favour, affection or ill will: addressing gender bias in NSW judicial education
Kate Lumley