Special Features:

l    Provides cross- citations to all leading law reports like SCC , AIR, Cri LJ, STC, Comp Cas, ITR, LLJ, SLR, FLR, ELT etc. It can therefore be used with most law reports.

l     All reported and unreported judgments covered.

l     Adoption of topic-wise approach with a comprehensive classification.

l     Cross-referencing to enable exhaustive section-wise research.

l     Rulings placed under minor topic headings and synopses added for quick reference.

l     Annotations, Table of Cases Digested, Date of Decision, Quick Guides, and Coram details also included.

Coverage:

The update volume to the 2^nd edition of the digest completely updates the law as laid down by the Supreme Court on Consumer Protection from 2011 to 2018.

The only complete source for the entire Supreme Court case law on Consumer Protection covering all reported and unreported rulings. The entire case law has been more scientifically arranged topic wise and a comprehensive classification system has been devised to make the understanding of this area of law more intuitive and rational.

The present Update — Vol. 3, updates the law laid down by the Supreme Court on Consumer Protection from (2011) 3 SCC to (2018) 16 SCC, including (2010) 14 SCC. PREFACE The topic of Consumer Protection is governed by a principal statute. However, the statute based approach of arranging the case law according to the sections of the statute seemed most unsatisfactory. Hence, on a major reworking and re-analysis of the entire case law on Consumer Protection the same was recast topic-wise and a comprehensive classifi cation system was devised to make the understanding of this area of law more intuitive and rational. This Update — Vol. 3, has also been organised in this fashion, to make it easy for the reader to fi nd the relevant case law in an intuitive manner. 

Topic and Statute Guide

DETAILED SYNOPSIS

1. Generally — Nature and Scope 

2. Cause of Action 

3 2.1 Excess price 

3 2.2 Unfair trade practice 

3 2.3 Restitution 

4 3. Consumer/Consumer Dispute/Locus Standi

4 3.1 Generally 

4 3.2 “Commercial purpose” 

3.3 Earning livelihood by Self-Employment 

3.4 Transaction with State or its Instrumentalities

3.5 Other Bodies against whom maintainable 

4. Consumer Forums. .

4.1 Generally 

4.2 Adequate Infrastructure, Necessity of 

4.3 Jurisdiction and Powers of Consumer Forum 

4.3.1 Generally .

4.3.2 Territorial Jurisdiction .

4.3.3 Concurrent Jurisdiction .

4.3.4 Exclusion of jurisdiction .

4.3.5 Relegation to civil suit/Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) mechanism/arbitration — When proper

4.3.6 Interference in writ jurisdiction

4.4 Maintainability 

4.4.1 Delay/Laches/Limitation .

4.4.2 Other Matters 

4.5 Practice and Procedure 

4.5.1 Generally .

4.5.2 Who can represent 

4.5.3 Dismissal for default—Restoration of proceedings

4.5.4 Expert evidence

4.5.5 Limitation/Delay/Laches 

4. Consumer Forum (contd.) 4.5 Practice and Procedure (contd.)

4.5.6 Notice 

4.5.7 Pleading and Evidence . 

4.5.8 Other matters

TOPIC AND STATUTE GUIDE

4.6 Exercise of power 

4.6.1 Generally 

4.6.2 Expeditious disposal of complaints 

4.6.3 Natural Justice/Reasons/Application of mind 

4.6.4 Relief 

4.6.4.1 Generally — Nature of Liability 

4.6.4.2 Compensation 

4.6.4.3 Interest 

4.6.4.4 Refund of Price 

4.6.4.5 Restitutionary Relief 

4.6.4.6 Punitive Damages 

4.6.4.7 Other Modes and Instances of Relief .

4.6.5 Penalties .

4.6.6 Execution of consumer award 

4.6.7 Costs 

4.6.8 Execution 

4.6.9 Interim orders 

4.7 Appeal/Interference by Supreme Court 

4.8 Legal Aid .

4.9 Review/Revision

5. Goods 

6. Services 

6.1 Generally re Defi ciency in Service 

6.2 Banking/Shares/Securities and Other Financial Services

6.3 Carriers/Transporters 

6.4 Earning Livelihood by Self-employment 

6.5 Educational Services .

6.6 Electricity 

6.7 Entertainment, Leisure, Tourism and Sports Services 

6.8 Housing .

6.9 Insurance 

6.10 Medical practitioners/Services/Medical negligence.

6.11 Supply of goods/Service-supply contracts 

Update_Vol. 3 TOPIC AND STATUTE GUIDE I-11

6.12 Telecom services

6.13 Travel services 

6.14 Legal services

6.15 Other services 

TOPIC AND STATUTE GUIDE

7. Particular Statutes and Rules .

7.1 Consumer Protection Act, 1986 

7.2 Consumer Protection Regulations, 2005 .

7.3 Consumer Protection Rules, 1987

7.4 M.P. Consumer Protection Rules, 1987 

7.5 Maharashtra Consumer Protection Rules, 2000 

7.6 Orissa Consumer Protection Rules, 1988 

7.7 United Nations Consumer Protection Resolution No. 39/248 

7.8 United Nations Guidelines for Consumer Protection

7.9 Regulations Framed by National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission, 2005