Deadly Justice: A Statistical Portrait of the Death Penalty

In 1976, the US Supreme Court ruled in Gregg v. Georgia that the death penalty was constitutional if it complied with certain specific provisions designed to ensure that it was reserved for the 'worst of the worst.' The same court had rejected the death penalty just four years before in the Furman decision because it found that the penalty had been applied in a capricious and arbitrary manner. The 1976 decision ushered in the 'modern' period of the US death penalty, setting the country on a course to execute over 1,400 inmates in the ensuing years, with over 8,000 individuals currently sentenced to die. Now, forty years after the decision, the eminent political scientist Frank Baumgartner along with a team of younger scholars (Marty Davidson, Kaneesha Johnson, Arvind Krishnamurthy, and Colin Wilson) have collaborated to assess the empirical record and provide a definitive account of how the death penalty has been implemented. Each chapter addresses a precise empirical question and provides evidence, not opinion, about whether how the modern death penalty has functioned. They decided to write the book after Justice Breyer issued a dissent in a 2015 death penalty case in which he asked for a full briefing on the constitutionality of the death penalty. In particular, they assess the extent to which the modern death penalty has met the aspirations of Gregg or continues to suffer from the flaws that caused its rejection in Furman. To answer this question, they provide the most comprehensive statistical account yet of the workings of the capital punishment system. Authoritative and pithy, the book is intended for both students in a wide variety of fields, researchers studying the topic, and-not least-the Supreme Court itself.

List of Tables List of Figures Preface Acknowledgments Chapter 1. Furman, Gregg, and the Creation of the Modern Death Penalty Chapter 2. The Capital Punishment Process. Chapter 3. Homicide in America Chapter 4. Comparing Homicides with Execution Cases Chapter 5. Which Crimes Are Capital Eligible, and is Death Reserved for the Worst Offenders? Chapter 6. Which Jurisdictions Execute and which Ones Don't? Chapter 7. How Often Are Death Sentences Overturned? Chapter 8. How Long Does It Take? Chapter 9. How Often Are People Exonerated from Death Row? Chapter 10. How Are the Executions Carried Out? Chapter 11. How Often Are Scheduled Executions Delayed or Cancelled? Chapter 12. Mental Illness and Death Row Chapter 13. How Deep Is Public Support for the Death Penalty? Chapter 14. Why Does the Death Penalty Cost So Much? Chapter 15. Does the Death Penalty Deter? Chapter 16. Is the Death Penalty Dying? Chapter 17. Does the Modern Death Penalty Meet the Goals of Furman? Epilogue: How This Book Came About References Associated Web Site: Appendices A. State Laws Relating to Capital Crimes and Aggravating Circumstances B. State Laws Relating to Mitigating Circumstances C. Appendix to Chapter 12 on Mental Illness D. Appendix to Chapter 13 on Public Opinion E. Appendix to Chapter 14 on Cost F. Relevant Supreme Court Cases Data used in this book A. The Carolina Execution Database (all executions, 1977 through 2015) B. Homicides by County and by Year, 1984 to 2012 C. Homicides by State and Year, 1984 to 2012 D. Executions by County and by Year, 1975 to 2015 E. Executions by State and by Year, 1975 to 2015 F. Pennsylvania Death Warrants G. Replication data for Figures used in the book H. Web sites with data we use a. Death Penalty Information Center b. Clark County Prosecutor Execution database c. National Registry of Exonerations I. Movies / documentaries / popular culture links